Thus, for the distillation of any multi-component mixture, the relative volatility is often defined as In that context, a lighter component means a component with a lower boiling point (or a higher vapor pressure) and a heavier component means a component with a higher boiling point (or a lower vapor pressure). The column designer would designate the key components governing the separation design to be propane as the so-called light key (LK) and isobutane as the so-called heavy key (HK). Such a distillation column is typically called a depropanizer.
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Relative volatilities are used in the design of all types of distillation processes as well as other separation or absorption processes that involve the contacting of vapor and liquid phases in a series of equilibrium stages. By convention, relative volatility is typically denoted as. In other words, the higher is the relative volatility of a liquid mixture, the easier it is to separate the mixture components by distillation.
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In effect, it indicates the ease or difficulty of using distillation to separate the more volatile components from the less volatile components in a mixture. This measure is widely used in designing large industrial distillation processes.
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Relative volatility is a measure of the difference between the vapor pressure of the more volatile components of a liquid mixture and the vapor pressure of the less volatile components of the mixture. For other uses of the term Volatility, please see Volatility (disambiguation).
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This article is about Relative volatility.